Grammar

👤Pronouns

Personal, object, reflexive and possessive pronouns.

7 minutes

What pronouns do

A pronoun can replace a noun or noun phrase when the listener knows, can see or does not need the exact name.

Pronouns make sentences shorter and prevent unnecessary repetition.

Choose a pronoun according to its job in the sentence, not only according to the person or thing it refers to.

Subject and object forms

A subject performs the action or is described; an object receives the action or follows a preposition.

Some English pronouns change form when their job changes.

Subject → object
I
me
you
you
he
him
she
her
it
it
we
us
they
them

Other useful forms

Possessive pronouns replace an owned noun: This bag is mine.

Demonstratives point to specific people or things: this, that, these and those.

Indefinite pronouns refer without naming exactly who, what or where: someone, anything, nowhere.

Pronoun jobs
She called me.
subject + object
The blue coat is hers.
possession
These are fresh.
specific reference
Someone is waiting.
indefinite reference

Important starter rules

English normally requires an explicit subject: It is raining, not Is raining.

I is always written with a capital letter.

A pronoun must clearly refer to the intended person, thing or idea.

  • Use a subject before the verb
  • Use object forms after verbs and prepositions
  • Write I with a capital letter
  • Make every reference clear

What you will learn next

The lessons move from the core subject and object forms to possession and demonstratives.

The final lesson introduces useful indefinite pronoun families and their sentence patterns.

  • Subject pronouns
  • Object pronouns
  • Possessive pronouns
  • Demonstrative pronouns
  • Indefinite pronouns

In this subject

Choose a subsection

🔵Possession and reference

🟡Unknown and general reference